Researchers at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati have developed “smart” bricks that can naturally regulate indoor temperatures, potentially cutting down the need for air conditioning and slashing energy use. The innovation, led by Prof. Pankaj Kalita and his team, uses phase change materials (PCMs) embedded in bricks to absorb and release heat, maintaining a stable indoor environment.
The PCM-infused bricks are designed to absorb excess heat during the day and release it at night, reducing indoor temperatures by around 3ยฐC. This can cut cooling energy demand by 10-20%, depending on building design. The team has also overcome the challenge of leakage by integrating the material with biochar, making it practical for real-world use.
The biocomposite-filled Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC) brick is lightweight, strong, and thermally efficient. At an estimated cost of โน115-โน130 per brick, the technology is within reach of large-scale adoption. The team is exploring commercialisation, potentially through a startup.
Key Benefits:
– Reduced indoor temperatures by 3ยฐC
– Cut cooling energy demand by 10-20%
– Practical and cost-effective solution
– Potential to ease pressure on power grids and reduce greenhouse gas emissions
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